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ItIl neoliberalismo è sorto dall'esigenza di superare la crisi degli anni Settanta del secolo scorso, ma ha portato a una nuova crisi, da molti detta "sistemica". Siamo quindi sollecitati a riflettere sulle caratteristiche fondamentali del nostro sistema sociale e sulla sua storia. A questo fine, l'opera di Karl Polanyi fornisce preziose indicazioni. In essa, da una parte, la società di mercatocapitalistica viene definita in generale, nella sua specificità, mediante una comparazione a vasto...
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L’articolo discute di innovazione sociale sulla base dell’analisi di Polany e di Marshall e dei contributi successivi che si sono sviluppati a partire da quel quadro teorico. Le ragioni dell’innovazione sociale vengono interpretate alla luce della crisi del welfare capitalism e dei disequilibri che si sono manifestati nelle istituzioni fonti di integrazione e coesione sociale. Gli autori propongono una valutazione dei processi e delle esperienze di innovazione sociale che ne mette in luce la...
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La sacralizzazione della politica accade ogni volta che un'entità politica – la nazione, la democrazia, lo Stato, la razza, la classe, il partito, il movimento – è trasformata in una entità sacra, in un oggetto di devozione e di culto, ed è collocata al centro di un sistema di credenze, di simboli e di riti. Nascono allora le religioni della politica, che non si identificano con un unico tipo di ideologia e di regime: esse possono sacralizzare la democrazia o l'autocrazia, l'eguaglianza o la...
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KM translate: "The economic sophistry" and "The two meanings of" economic "", short writings by Karl Polanyi published here partially in a version taken from the French magazine MAUSS, represent a wonderful example of critical synthesis and set of depth of analysis, an analysis that comes to the conviction of the anthropological and social disaster caused not only by liberalism, but even more by the fallacy of an entire system of thought, economic science, which seeks to justify and support...
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The objective of this paper is to analyse, on the basis of the substantive definition of the economy (elaborated in the footsteps of Polanyi), the various types of resources mobilised by European social enterprises. European social enterprises use a complex mix of resources based on four types of economic relations: the market, redistribution, the socio-politically embedded market, and the reciprocity. A European typology of Work Integration Social Enterprise (WISEs) is put forward, in order...
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The essay, after trying to do a synthesis of today's debate about business and ethics, proposes to return to Karl Polanyi starting from a different meaning of the three founding principles proposed by the author (exchange, reciprocity and redistribution).
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Economists are fond of proposing market solutions for many problems of resource allocation, while scholars from other social disciplines are often less inclined to adopt such solutions. In this essay I interpret the dichotomy for/against the market in the light of the one between neoclassical economics and the socio-anthropological tradition which originates with Karl Polanyi. In the first part, I suggest that this dichotomy runs in parallel to the one between facts and, which is typical of...
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In its first part (§ 2-4), the essay presents an outline of market economy in a globalization era, highlighting its marked changes and the wide fields of its questionable nature. In the second part, some discontinuity features came out in the last decades are shown (§ 5). They are particularly referred to critical analysis and alternative experiences springing up from below, (i.e. associations, groups, movements of the civil society) and meeting in a common attempt of getting economy and...
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KM translate: The volume aims to provide a contribution to the knowledge of the ways of birth and consolidation of the sociological discourse on the economy, at work and their transformations connected to the process of industrialization. The goal, mainly educational, is pursued through the analysis of the contributions that Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, Joseph Schumpeter, Karl Polanyi, Frederick Taylor and Elton Mayo have offered in this regard. The treatment of these authors, whose...
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La riflessione di Karl Polanyi e Friedrich August von Hayek consente di analizzare da due punti di vista molto diversi la metodologia delle scienze sociali, la teoria adatta a studiare l'attività economica, l'organizzazione economica capitalistica e la società di mercato, le cause e il significato dei totalitarismi, il significato della libertà in una società complessa.
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The concept of “Polanyi’s momentµ should be applied not only to point out some general analogy between today’s economic and social crisis and the one which occurred between the two World Wars and provoked the breakdown of European liberal society. In fact, Polanyi’s work allows us to hypothesize a much deeper continuity between the two crises, where both represent different stages of the same interregnum, the same process of institutional metamorphosis. It hereby helps us to decode the deep...
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