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This paper assesses some of the implications of one of the major social changes to have taken place in the West during the second half of the twentieth century — that is, the increased employment of women, together with normative changes in gender relations and in women's expectations. These changes have been linked to an increase in individualism, which itself is associated with the transcendence of ‘first modernity’. Thus it is suggested that new approaches to social analysis are required...
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The last decade has seen a revived interest in using anomie theory in crime and deviance research. The present paper contributes to this development by offering an examination of a particular extension of anomie theory, namely, Messner and Rosenfeld's Institutional-Anomie theory. Explicating Institutional-Anomie theory relative to the sociologies of Durkheim, Merton and Polanyi, I find that this theory goes beyond Merton by using a strain of thought that is critical of liberal society. By...
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An important characteristic of public policy formulation over the 1980s and 1990s, particularly in the English-speaking countries, has been the increasing use of contractual principles as regulatory tools. The 'new contractualism' represents the recent re-emergence and adaptation of the social contract of the 17th and 18th centuries and the classical legal contract that emerged in the 19th century. The work of Anna Yeatman provides the most cogent and influential, non-neo-liberal scholarly...
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An outline of a theory of values-based labeling as a social movement argues that it is motivated by the need to re-embed the agro-food economy in the larger social economy. A review of some basic premises of embeddedness theories derived from the work of Karl Polanyi reveals their connection to particular values-based labeling efforts. From this perspective, values-based labeling presents itself as primarily an ethical and moral effort to counter unsustainable trends within presently...
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RésuméLes notions d’encastrement et de savoirs tacites sont souvent utilisées dans des théories expliquant les effets de proximité spatiale dans les relations entre la recherche académique et les entreprises. Même si elles ont des origines proches (ne serait-ce que parce qu’elles ont été formulées à l’origine par deux frères, Karl et Michael POLANYI), elles ont des implications très différentes en ce qui concerne l’interprétation des effets de proximité. Dans un cas (l’encastrement), on peut...
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Examines the relationship between democracy and development to set the scene for the pressing contemporary issue of how globalization might affect democracy and vice versa. Reference to the work of Karl Polanyi who posited a dual movement of market expansion matched by increasing social control over it; Impact of globalization.
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This chapter contains section titled: * Market Domination and Society's Self-Defense * The Decline of the Bourgeoisie and Anti-Capitalist Policies * Analytical Convergence and Political Divergence